Differences of metals and nonmetals
The table below shows the differences and properties of metals and nonmetals:
Physical Properties | |
---|---|
Metal | Nonmetal |
Mostly solids | Mostly gases at room temperature |
Hard, shiny, malleable | Weak, dull, and brittle when solids |
Ductile | Nonductile |
Good conductors of electricity | Poor conductors of electricity. Nonmetals are nsulators (except graphite) |
Good conductors of heat | Poor conductors of heat |
Most have high melting point | Most have low melting point |
Most have high boiling point | Most have low boiling point |
High densities | Low densities |
Chemical Properties | |
Metal | Nonmetal |
Form oxides that are basic | Form oxides that are acidic |
Metals are good reducing agents | Nonmetals are good oxidizing agents/td> |
Usually have 1-3 electrons in their outer shell | Usually have 4-8 electrons in their outer shell |
Lose their valence electrons easily | Gain or share valence electrons easily |
Have lower electronegativities | Have higher electronegativities |
Metals are not inert | Many of the nonmetals are inert ( He, Xe, Ne, Kr, Ar, etc) |