Calcium was first discovered by Sir Humphry Davy, a British Chemist, in 1808, in England, through the electrolysis of a mixture of lime (CaO) and mercuric oxide (HgO).
Name: Calcium
Symbol: Ca
Atomic number: 20
Atomic weight: 40.078
State: solid
Group, period, block: 2, 4, s
Color: dull gray, silver
Classification: alkaline earth metal
Electron configuration: 4s2
2,8,8,2
Physical properties
Density: 1.55 g/cm-3
Melting point: 1115 K, 842 °C, 1548 °F
Boiling point: 1757 K, 1484 °C, 2703 °F
Atomic properties
Oxidation states: +2, +1[1]
Electronegativity: 1.00 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies: 1st: 589.8 kJ·mol-1
Covalent radius: 176±10 pm
Van der Waals radius: 231 pm
- Ca
Electron Configuration
Isotopes
There are six naturally occurring isotopes of calcium exist, 40Ca, 42Ca, 43Ca, 44Ca, 46Ca and 48Ca.