Indium was discovered by the German chemists Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymus Theodor Richter in Germany in 1863. Indium was named for the indigo blue line in its spectrum that was the first indication of its existence in zinc ores. Zinc ores are the primary source of indium, where it is found in compound form.
Name: Indium
Symbol: In
Atomic number: 49
Atomic weight: 114.82
State: solid
Group, period, block: 13, 5, p
Color: silvery lustrous gray
Classification: post-transition metal
Electron configuration: 4d10 5s2 5p1
2,8,18,18,3
Physical properties
Density: 7.31 g/cm-3
Melting point: 429.7485 K, 156.5985 °C, 313.8773 °F
Boiling point: 2345 K, 2072 °C, 3762 °F
Atomic properties
Oxidation states: 3, 2, 1
Electronegativity: 1.78 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies: 1st: 558.3 kJ·mol-1
Covalent radius: 142±5 pm
Van der Waals radius: 193 pm
- In
Electron Configuration
Isotopes
There are two naturally occurring isotopes of gallium exist, 113In, and 115In.